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Medicinal Plant details |
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Information |
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| Sanskrit Name |
Jati, Jatiphalah |
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| Common name in English |
Nutmeg tree, Mace tree |
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| Botanical Name |
Myristica fragrans Houtt. |
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| Etymology |
Triputakam: made up or jointed of 3 bits.
Jatisaram: Plants brought forth from the seeds.
The term musk refers to an aroma obtained, since antiquity, from the musk deer, a dog-sized animal native to the Himalayas. The name musk comes, via Latin muscus, from Greek moschos which itself was loaned from Persian musk Farsi moshk. The origin is probably Sanskrit mushka testicle, as musk is produced only by the male musk deer, in special glands that were often compared with and even equated with testicles. |
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| Parts Used |
Seeds and Aril (mace). |
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| Human Medicinal Usage |
For severe cold, cough and other liver inflammations, drinking half a cup of a brew made from Myristica fragrans every morning for a fortnight is considered a good medicine (Rabia, 1995).
It is bitter, acrid, astringent, sweet, thermogenic, aromatic, aphrodisiac, anti- inflammatory, anodyne, anthelmintic, deoderant, digestive, stomachic, expectorant, diuretic, emmenogogue, antiseptic, febrifuge, narcotics, anticonvulsant, and tonic. It is used in vitiated conditions of kapha and vata, inflammatory, cephalalgia, helminthiasis, dyspepsia, colic ,cough, asthma, vomiting, diarrhoea, dysmennorrhoea ,ulcer, skin diseases, insomnia fever, and general debility. It is also used as aromatic and flavoring agents. It is considered as an abortifecient. The burnt seeds or kernel powdered and mixed with buttermilk is considered as a very specific remedy for diarrhoea and vomiting in children. Recently it has been found useful in controlling diarrhoea associated with certain cacinome (Chopra, 1958; Anonymous, 1948-1976; Anonymous, 1951; Ambast, 1986). |
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| Veterinary Medicinal Usage |
When animal catches cold, black pepper and jaiphal (Myristica fragrans) are ground well and the powder is roasted and mixed with ghee and is fed to the ailing animal (Singh, 1998).
At least 250 gm turmeric (Curcuma longa), ten gm laung (Syzygium aromaticum), ten g dal chini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), and two fruits of jaifal (Myristica fragrans) when mixed and ground, can be an effective antiseptic powder to heal chronic payogenic wounds (Chandan, 2001).
When the animal refuses to get milked, fruit of Myristica fragrans is powdered and given mixed with feed (Chaudhary, 2000).
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| Synonyms |
M. moschata Thumb, M. officinalis L, M. aromatica Lam. |
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| Family |
Myristicaceae |
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| Description |
A moderate sized, usually dioecious, aromatic, evergreen tree with grayish black bark having
lenticular spots on the outside and red juice on the inner side.
Leaves: elliptic or oblong, lanceolata, thinly coriaceous, shiny above dull, beneath.
Flowers: creamy, yellow, frangrant in umbellate cymes; staminal column of male flowers have stalked;
anthers 10-14; female flower linear; ovary of female flowers, sessile, ovoid, globose. Fruits: yellow,
broadly, pyriform or globose; pericarp fleshy, splitting into two halves at maturity. Seeds: oblong,
obtuse, testa shiny, aril, yellowish red, irregularly lobed extending to the apex of the seeds. |
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| Common Name in India |
Jayphal, Jay ka per (Hindi); Jatikka, Jati, Jatikkamaram
(Malayalam); Jajaikayi (Kannad); Jajikaya (Telugu); Jatikkai, Jatimaram (Tamil); Jayphal (Gujarati)
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| Common Name in Other Countries |
Sadhikai (Ceylon); Jau, Tou,k'ou (Chinese); Guiana (French); Muskatnass
(German); Muskatnoe trava (Russian); Arbol de la nuez (Spanish); Nuskol (Swedish)
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| Habitat |
Plants found in low elevation up to 750 m. |
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| Rainfall |
1500 to 3000 mm rainfall is required for development and growth. |
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| Soil (Physical/Chemical) |
Well drained, alluvial (rich loamy) soil. |
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| Global Distribution |
It is native to Mollucca islands in Indonesia and at present is cultivated in W. Indies and other tropical countries like India. |
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| Harvest |
The fruits are harvested after 7 yrs and yield increases up to 15 yrs or beyond season for harvesting is from June to October. |
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| Chemical composition |
Seven new dimeric phenylpropanoids (I-VII) isolated from seeds and their structures determined.
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| Herbarium No |
0 |
REFERENCES |
| SR No. |
NAME |
ARTICLE TITLE |
AUTHOR |
PLACE OF PUBLICATION |
VOLUME/ISSUE |
YEAR |
PUBLISHER |
COMMENT |
| 1 |
The useful plants of india |
The useful plants of india |
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new delhi india |
p-389 |
1986 |
c.s.i.r |
publications and information directorate |
| 2 |
Indigenous drugs of india |
Indigenous drugs of india |
R.N.Chopra |
Calcutta-12 |
p-358-359,200-202 |
1958 |
U.N.Dhur and sons private limited |
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| 3 |
The wealth of india |
The wealth of india |
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new dehli india |
vol-5/p-474 |
1952 |
c.s.i.r |
A dictionary of indian raw materials and industrial products. |
| 4 |
Pharmacognosy of ayurvedic plants of travan core cochin |
Pharmacognosy of ayurvedic plants of travan core cochin |
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trivendrum |
p-172 |
1951 |
central research institute |
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| 5 |
Chopra. R.N. |
Indigenous drugs of India. |
Chopra. R.N. |
Calcutta. |
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1958 |
UN Dhar & Sons Pvt. Ltd., |
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| 6 |
Anonymous. |
Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic plants of Travancore Cochin. |
Anonymous. |
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1951. |
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| 7 |
Ambast, SP. |
The useful plants of India. |
Ambast, SP. |
New Delhi. |
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1986. |
CSIR, |
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| 8 |
Anonymous. |
The Wealth of India. Raw Materials. |
Anonymous. |
New Delhi. |
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1948-1976. |
CSIR Publication, |
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| 9 |
Anonymous. |
The Wealth of India. Raw Materials. |
Anonymous. |
New Delhi. |
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1948-1976. |
CSIR Publication, |
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