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Honey bee publish details |
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Lokasarvani |
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Lokasarvani |
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Crop Protection |
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| Abstract |
Gujarat is a west Indian state with a coastline of 1,600 km. It is the fifth-largest Indian state by area and the ninth-largest state by population of 6.27 crore. It is famous for entrepreneurial culture and farmers cooperative movement, in particular for Amul, milk coop. |
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"323401 Preventive and curative crop protection
Sarmanbhai Hirabhai Wagh
At. Lodhwa, Ta. Sutrapada, Dist. Gir Somnath
Sarmanbhai Hirabhai has been pursuing organic/natural farming for the last three years. He has formulated a natural spray to protect crops from pests and diseases. His main crops include groundnut, wheat, blackgram, greengram, coconut, and sugarcane. He uses the formulation based on different plants for the control of insects such as caterpillars, aphids, thrips and whiteflies.
He crushes one kg each of Hibiscus, Marigold, Aloe vera, Karanj (Pongamia glabra), Ankado (Calotropis procera), Datura (Datura metel) leaves, and Billipatra (Aegle marmelos). He blends this with two kg of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), 500 g each of chilli and ginger, 250 g of garlic and 10 g of asafoetida. These ingredients are ground and added to 100 L of cow urine. This formulation has to be kept as such for seven days and on the eighth day, it has to be strained after stirring it. This solution can be stored for six to eight months.
Sarmanbhai mixes 250–500 ml of this solution in 15 L water. He sprays this three to four times on the crops once in 20 days depending upon the condition of the crops to achieve better results. (Honey Bee, 13(2): 10, 2002)
Compiled by: Alka Raval
323402 Treatment before the onset of pest and disease!
Jamanbhai Premjibhai Tank Rajesar, Ta. Mendarda, Dist. Junagadh - 362260
A firm believer in organic farming, Jamnabhai uses neem cake, castor cake, and jivamrut extract to control aphids in the crops.
He soaks 2 kg each of gandhati procera), aloe vera and custard apple leaves in 200 L of water for ten days. Jamnabhai sprays this solution on the plants such as, groundnut, coriander, wheat, pigeon pea, sesame, green gram, pearl millet (Pennisetumtyphoides), and vegetables once in 10-15 days for crop protection. He suggests using this solution as a preventive measure to protect the crops from diseases or pest infestation.
Other organic farming practices of Jamnabhai:
He puts all the weeds plucked from the field in a compost pit to make organic manure by mixing them with cow dung and cow urine. He mixes sour buttermilk with custard apple leaf (Annona squmosa) extract. He sprays it every fortnight over the pigeon pea crops to prevent pest attack.
He has grown several plants around his 20-acre farm, including Thor (Euphorbia sps), Teak, Neem, Nagod (Vitex), Custard apple, Ketki (Agave Americana), and Aval (Cassia auriculata), which forms a natural fence of herbal medicines. These trees and shrubs provide shelter to the birds, which eat the insects in the field and greatly benefit the farming.
He cultivates sorghum as fodder for his Gir cows. He also feeds his cattle a homemade cottonseed and corn flour mixture. Whenever a calf is born, Jamnabhai gives 500 g of pearl millet boiled in water blended with 300 g of jaggery and 200 g of vegetable oil to the lactating cow for 15-20 consecutive days. This combination of fodder and feed not only strengthens the cow during the post-delivery period, but it also helps in the secretion of milk.
Jamnabhai tackles the issue of ectoparasites like ticks, lice, and scabies affecting the cattle by using Nagod, Neem and Custard apple. He immerses the leaves of these plants in water and boils it till the colour of the water changes. After cooling it, he drenches a piece of cloth in this solution and applies it on the affected areas of the cattle. He sprinkles it in the cattle shed to get rid of the parasites. Similar practice has been observed for lice in poultry. (Honey Bee, 5(2):18, 1994)
Compiled by: AlkaRaval
323403 Use of Thor (cactus) latex to reduce termite/wilt infestation in cumin!
Bhurabhai Jethabhai Rabari
At. Lalasari, Ta. Po. Rapper, Dist. Kutch
Bhurabhai extracts latex from the cuttings of cactus by moderately burning them. He then trickles it down with the water used for irrigation to overcome the problem of termite, wilt, or blight infestation in cumin crops.
He also immerses ten kg of Akada
Loksarvani 25 (5-6) September-
December 2020
323404 Controlling caterpillar infestation in Okra
Nareshbhai Somabhai Solanki At. Boriavi, Ta. Dist. Anand
Nareshbhai ferments one kg of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) flour mixed with three L of water for
24 hours. He then adds 250 ml of this filtered formulation to 15 L of water and sprays it on the crops to get rid of the caterpillars.
Nareshbhai also crushes two kg each of leaves of Karanj (Pongamia glabra), Sitaphal (Annona squomosa), Billipatra (Aegle marmelos), white Dhutara
(Datura alba) and three kg of neem leaves. He boils this in 10 L of cow urine till it boils to the brim three- four times. After the solution cools down, he adds 300 ml of it to 15 L of water. He sprays this on the crops to get rid of the sucking pests.
Nareshbhai’s another practice is to immerse five kg of neem leaves in
100 L of water mixed with five L of cow urine and one kg of native cow dung. He stores the mixture in a barrel for 24 hours, stirs it twice during the day, and then filters it out using a cloth. Spraying 250 ml of this solution mixed with 15 L water effectively controls the sucking pests.
Crop protection through intercropping method
Intercropping suva ( Anethum graveolens) with brinjal crops or filling the gaps in winter helps a great deal in protecting the brinjal crops from sucking pest infestation.
Nareshbhai adds some more practices:
(1) Mixing 500 ml each of upper layer of sour buttermilk and cow urine in 15 L of water and spraying it over the aphid infested coriander crop gives an effective result.
(2) Crushing 10 kg of Calotropis leaves/ stem in 200 L of water and leaving it as such for seven days makes an effective formulation for controlling termites and root-borne diseases in any crop.
(3) Applying the solution of 1 L of sour buttermilk in 10 L of water on each “khamna” (node) of the bottle gourd crop at the time of flowering improves productivity. The productivity and quality of any crop may be improved by adding this solution in the irrigation water.
323405 Controlling sucking pests in pointed gourd
Maheshbhai Babubhai Patel
At. Erthan, Ta. Olpad, Dist. Surat 9427425310
The smoke from burning bottle gourd seeds in the field in the absence of wind helps in preventing sucking pests infestation. In addition to the bottle gourd seeds, “Kariyatu” (Andrographis paniculata) powder and dried leaves of “Kadvinai” (Enicostemma axillare Raynal) are added to create a thick smoke. See Honey Bee,10(1): 6,1999 for another method that uses smoke to reduce pest attacks.
Other practices followed by Maheshbhai include:
- Crushing the neem fruits in a jute bag and soaking them in 100 L of cow urine for 24 hours makes a ready-to-use solution for pest control in most crops. Spraying 500 ml of this solution mixed with 15 L of water gives better results.
- Planting turmeric, ginger, and kali jiri (Nigella sativa) in the gaps between mango trees will keep the pigs away from damaging the soil as these crops act as a strong deterrent to pigs.
- Making holes in the third and fourth knots of the stem of the bottle gourd vine with a needle and closing them with asafoetida helps in better yield.
- Spraying the bottle gourd crop with 250 gm of asafoetida mixed with 200 L of water gives good yield and controls the pests.
- Spraying water from two fresh green coconuts mixed with 15 L of water helps get more yield of the bottle gourd crop.
- Boiling two handfuls or 500 g of seaweed in 15 L of water until it reduces to half the quantity makes a good growth promoter.
- Soak 1 kg of peeled and crushed garlic in a little kerosene for 24 hours. Take out the garlic and add it to 1 kg chilli powder, 2 kg tobac- co powder, and 3 L cow urine and filter it. Spraying 250 ml of this solution mixed with 15 L water over the crops keeps the insects away because of its pungent smell.
- Keeping 8 to 10 cow dung cakes soaked in a barrel of water for 24 hours produces a solution with humic acid. Spraying 1 L of this solution mixed with 15 L water improves the growth of the crop.
323406 Extract of bitter herbs for pest control
Umeshgiri Shaileshgiri Goswami (Giripharm)
Narsanda, Ta. Nadiad, Dist. Kheda - 387345
B oiling finely chopped 500 grams leaves each of Calotropis, Neem, Sitaphal, Naro (Naffatiyo/ Besharmi) (Ipomoea purpurea), Arani (Clerodendrum), Aloevera, Billipatra (Aegle marmelos), Datura, Nagod (Vitex), Kali Tulsi, Gandhari (Lantana), Mehndi (Heena), Kanjo (Holoptelea integrifolia), Antarvel / Amarvel (Cuscuta reflexa), Carrot Grass (Parthenium hysterophorus), Marigold, Piludi (Salvadora persica) immersed in 20 L of cow urine and 130 L of water produces a ready to use solution. Spraying it thrice in a week, after cooling it down, controls all the pests, including the sucking pests.
Spraying 1 L of buttermilk or cow urine mixed with 15 L of water increases the growth and yield of the crops.
32340 7 Termite control in horticultural crops
Rameshchandra Ambalal Patel
At. Wadu, Ta. Kadi, Dist. Mehsana
Add 10 kg of calotropis leaves, ten kg of neem leaves, 10 kg of Thor (Euphorbia nivulia) stem chopped into small pieces to an airtight 200 L barrel filled with water and keep it for 20 days to ferment. This solution has to be stirred once in a day. Rameshchandra
drips this solution in the irrigation channel to control the termite and root diseases. A can of 200 L of this solution is enough for two bigha of land. See Honey Bee, 2(1): 15, 1991
and 2(1):15, 1991 for other methods to control termite in crops.
Compiled by: Ramji Dabhi
323408 Leaf curl control in tomato crop
IndrajitSardar Singh Zala
At. Bilodra. Ta. Mansa, Dist. Gandhinagar-382810,
Boil 5 kg of Makroda fruits, kept in a jute bag for a week before use, in 60 L of water and cool it down. Add 10 kg of fresh cow dung and 5 L of cow urine to it to make a solution. After eight-ten days, drip this solution into the irrigation channel to spread in the field. It helps in controlling leaf curl. Another method is to give less irrigation or practise alternate row watering to reduce the incidence of leaf curl and sucking insects. See Honey Bee:10(1) 14, 1999 and 1995, 6(1):10 for other methods to control leaf curl in crops.
Compiled by: Ramji Dabhi
323409 Experiment with milk and jaggery increases fruit and flower!
Sureshbhai Valjibhai Patel
At. Moti WawdiRanpur, Ta.Dist. Botad, Shubham Natural Farm
Spraying the solution of 250 ml of fresh milk mixed with 100 g of jaggery in 15 L water at dawn and dusk on the sesame crops improves the quality and quantity of flowering. It is supposed to increase the yield by 25–30 per cent. This was suggested by Bharatbhai Parsana, a businessman from Rajkot and implemented by Sureshbhai.
Virjibhai (Saptada Farm), a farmer from Indravarna village in Garudeshwar taluka, says that in addition to jaggery and milk, mixing the extract of khakra flower (kesudo/ palash - Butea monosperma) and fresh cow urine with the solution gives better results. If pure desi jaggery without chemicals is unavailable, Mahuda flower or honey can be used as an alternative.
Documented by Ramesh Patel
323410 Solution to increase yield of wheat crop
Sonalbahen Patel
37, Alpinewood Villa, Near Eklavya School, Shantipura, Ahmedabad
Keep cow urine, the upper layer of buttermilk, amla juice and Bael fruit (Aegle marmelos) powder mixed under the shade for 45 days. The solution is used for seed treatment in wheat before sowing. Adding one litre of this solution to 15 L of water and dripping it into the irrigation channel during spikelet formation increases the yield of wheat crops.
323411 Herbal methods for better crops
Karamshibhai Vanpariya
At. Pipli (Bawani) Ta. Keshod, Dist. Junagadh
1. About 15 kg of dindalio thor (Euphorbia tirucalli) is crushed and mixed with 150 L of water, 15 L of cow urine, 15 L of a week- old stale buttermilk, and 100 g of sugar and stored in a barrel for four days. The mixture needs to be stirred for five minutes every morning and evening. Mixing
50 L of this solution with the water used for irrigation to an acre of crop controls munda (Whitegrub/dhain) infestation in the groundnut crop.
2. Boil 20 L of water with five kg of crushed leaves of jamalgota Croton tiglium) till it reduces to one fourth of its quantity. Spraying 500 ml of the solution diluted with 15 L water helps in controlling khapedi (cricket) infestation.
3. Boil 20 L of water with 3 kg Datura (Datura alba) leaves, and 3 kg Piludi (Salvadora persica) leaves till it is reduced to 5 L. A spray of 300 ml of this solution with water helps in controlling the wilt and black and white mildew (Charmi) in cumin.
4. Boil 20 L of water/cow urine with 5 kg of Vagda leaves (Salvadora persica) till it reduces to one fourth of its quantity. After it cools down, spray 300 ml of this solution with water to control mildew in coriander. Repeating the spray at a six-day interval gives good results.
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Honey Bee, 32(3-4)13-16, 2021 |
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