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| Common name in English |
Kokam butter tree, Mangosteen oil tree, Brindonia tallow tree |
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| Botanical Name |
Garcinia indica Chois. |
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| Human Medicinal Usage |
Fruit destroys "Vata"; promotes "Kapha" and "Pitta", difficult to digest, causing constipation; improves appetite and allays thirst; anthelmintic, cardiotonic; said to be useful in bleeding piles, dysentery, tumours, pains and heart-diseases in Ayurveda. Bark is astringent; young leaves are used in cases of dysentery. Syrup from the fruit-juice is used for bilious affections. The oil of the seeds is much used for the preparation of ointmentts, suppositories and other pharmaceutical purposes. It is much used as a nutritive, demulcent and emollient It is used as a local application to ulcerations, fissures of lips, wounds etc. (Anonymous, 1948-1976; Chopra, 1958).
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| Veterinary Medicinal Usage |
To induce the placenta, or fragments that sometimes remain to drop, fresh flowers of `Mahuda' (Madhuca indica) are crushed and heated in a vessel over a gentle flame until it becomes sticky and greenish in colour. This is given after calving along with 500 g of an extract of the fruit of the plant called 'Kokam' (Garcinia indica) and 2-3 kg of cooked rice (Parmar, 1993).
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| Family |
Clusiaceae |
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| Description |
A slender evergreen tree with drooping branches. Leaves: opposite on rather long petioles, Ovate or
oblong, lanceolate, 2.5 to 3.5 inches long and 1- 1.5 inches broad, dark green above and pale beneath. Flower: small solitary, terminal with persistent calyx lobes, fleshy. Fruit: globose or spherical, dark purple when ripe with persistent calyx lobes enclosing 5 to 8 large seeds. |
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| Common Name in India |
Kokam (Hindi, Gujarati); Murgal (Kannad); Punampuli (Malayalam); Murgal (Tamil); Amsol, Bhirand, Katambi, Kokam, Ratamba (Marathi); Brindao (Goa) |
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| Common Name in Other Countries |
Mangoustan (French); Garcinia purpurea (Italian); Indische mangostane (Dutsch) |
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| Regional Distribution |
The species is endemic to the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. (Sumy et al., 2000). |
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| Chemical composition |
L-Leucine isolated from leaves; euxanthone and biflavonoids-volkensiflavone and morelloflavone-isolated from heatwood. |
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| Herbarium No |
0 |
REFERENCES |
| SR No. |
NAME |
ARTICLE TITLE |
AUTHOR |
PLACE OF PUBLICATION |
VOLUME/ISSUE |
YEAR |
PUBLISHER |
COMMENT |
| 1 |
Anonymous. |
The Wealth of India. |
Anonymous. |
CSIR Publication, New Delhi. |
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1948-1976. |
Raw Materials. |
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| 2 |
Ambast, SP. |
The useful plants of India. |
Ambast, SP. |
New Delhi. |
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1986. |
CSIR, |
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| 3 |
R.N.Chopra. |
indigenous drugs of india |
R.N.Chopra. |
calcutta-12 |
page-675 |
1958 |
U.N.Dhur and sons private limited |
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| 4 |
Anonymous. |
Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic plants of Travancore Cochin. |
Anonymous. |
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1951. |
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| 5 |
Pharmacognosy of ayurvedic drugs of travan core cochin |
Pharmacognosy of ayurvedic drugs of travan core cochin |
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trivendrum |
page-207 |
1951 |
c.r.i |
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| 6 |
Sumy, O, Ved, DK, Krishnan, R. |
Tropical Indian medicinal plants Propagation Methods. |
Sumy, O, Ved, DK, Krishnan, R. |
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pp 183-184. |
2000. |
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