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| Sanskrit Name |
Rohana |
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| Common name in English |
Indian redwood, Indian mahogany, Bastard cedar, Redwood tree
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| Botanical Name |
Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A. Juss.
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| Parts Used |
Bark, Fruits, Gum |
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| Human Medicinal Usage |
The bark of this plant has many medicinal properties. It is used as a stimulant, in diarrhoea and dysentery (Jolly, 1966; Rao & Deshpande, 1968; Singh, 1973; Hemadri & Rao, 1983b). It is reported as an astringent, bitter tonic and febrifuge. It is also used in general debility, intermittent fevers and malarial fever (Nadkarni, 1976). Some reports suggest its use in vaginal diseases also. This plant is also reported to cure vomiting, for which, the bark of Soymida febrifuga is ground together with the barks of Mangifera indica and Gardenia turgida to make a paste. This paste is taken orally with a glass of water thrice a day until cured. It was admitted into the Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia in 1803, and in 1807 into the Dublin Pharmacopoeia. It is used as a tonic and also as an antiperiodic (Felter & Lloyd, 2004).
It is successfully applied in India in the treatment of gangrene and in Great Britain as an astringent, and in the treatment of typhus fever (Felter & Lloyd, 2004).
The bark is very bitter and astringent, and was recommended by Roxburgh as a substitute for cinchona. In vomiting, grind together the bark of Soymida febrifuga with the bark of Mangifera indica and the bark of Gardenia turgida to make a paste. Take this paste orally with a glass of water thrice a day until cured (Felter & Lloyd, 2004).
Plants are traditionally used in India to treat fever or malaria (Simonsen et al., 2001). They also examined in vitro for antiplasmodial properties against Plasmodium falciparum. Raichaudhuri (1961) and Purushothaman & Chandrasekaran (1973) have studied the pharmacognocy of this plant. |
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| Veterinary Medicinal Usage |
Fresh leaves of `Royan' (Soymida febrifuga) are crushed and soaked in water for 1 hour and this concoction (100-150 ml) is given to the animal (Patel, 1993). A mixture of Soymida febrifuja and Terminalia bellarica is ground, boiled and strained. The extract is then administered to the animal to cure diarrhoea (Bariya, 1997). Bark of `Rayan' (Soymida febrifuga) tree collected and powdered separately is given to animals to cure the fever (Patel, 1993). |
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| Other Usage |
The fruits, barks and leaves of many forest trees are used for tanning of hides and skins in the cottage and small-scale industries. The bark of Indian redwood (Soymida febrifuga) also contains about 17.5 % tannin of catechol group and is locally used for tanning purpose. The red fiber found from the bark is used for making ropes. This plant also produces commercially important gum. Its branches are used as firewood. |
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| Synonyms |
Swietenia febrifuga Roxb. (Shah, 1978) |
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| Family |
Meliaceae
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| Description |
This is a large to medium sized tree. Flowers are white in colour and usually come in February / April months while its fruits come in May / June months (http://www.mssrf.org/fris9809/fris1333.html). |
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| Common Name in India |
Rohini (Oriya); Omemada (Koya); Sama settu (Telugu); Rohuna or Rohun / Rohan (Hindi); Somadanam (Tamil); Sumbi (Kannada); Rohina (Gujarati); Rohan (Bengali)
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| Habitat |
This plant is abundantly found in forests, hilly tracts and slopes of the hills in north-west, central and southern India (Nadkarni, 1976). |
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| Rainfall |
Grows well in higher rainy circles.
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| Regional Distribution |
The species is distributed in central and peninsular India (Oudhia, 2004). Also grown well in western peninsula, extending northwards to Merwara, the Mirzapur hills and Chota Nagpur (Kirtikar & Basu, 1995). |
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| Global Distribution |
The plant is although a native of several Asiatic countries, but cultivated in the warm climates of Europe and America (Felter & Lloyd, 2004). It also inhabits in Burma, Bangladesh, Nepal, China, India and part of Australia. |
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| Chemical composition |
Lupeol, sitosterol and methyl angolensate are isolated; in addition, deoxyandirobin is extracted from wood and bark; quercetin-3-O-L-rhamnoside and 3-O-rutinoside is isolated from the leaves. Two new tetranortriterpenoids (I and II) are isolated from bark and their structure is determined; another new tetranortriterpenoid - febrifugin is isolated from heartwood and its structure is elucidated. Naringenin, myricetin, dihydromyricetin and quercetin are also isolated from heartwood. |
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0 |
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